Endodontic Surgery: Review of Principles and Modern Techniques

Endodontic Surgery

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Surgical endodontics is not often performed in the clinics because conventional root canal therapy is often considered a preferred method of treating the diseased pulp yet there are occasions when a surgical approach may be necessary. If root canal treatment failed to provide solution to sign and symptom of endodontic origin, the operator needs to make a thorough assessment of causative factor resulting in persistent problem. A surgical approach is only indicated when it is confirmed that retreatment is either not possible or will not solve the problem. There are many advances related to technique and equipment that has been documented to improve the outcome of surgical endodontics.

Objective: The present a review on the principles of endodontic surgery and advancement in techniques with suitable instruments and its advantages over traditional approach.

Methodology: Literature on surgical endodontics were searched from Google scholar, PubMed, and Medline. The following words “principles of endodontic surgery”, “soft tissue management”, “hard tissue management”,  “periraduclar curettage”, “root resection” and “root end filling” to find relevant articles and thoroughly reviewed.

Results: Advances in technology has significantly improve the concept of endodontic surgery through techniques, instruments and materials used in endodontic surgery, particularly the introduction of microscope, microinstruments, ultrasonic tips, and more biologically acceptable root-end filling materials.

Conclusion: The principles of microsurgery has made surgical endodontics to be more predictable with better outcome.

Key words: Endodontic surgery, microsurgery, flap design, root-end preparation